| Meta-analysis |
A special case of a systematic review in which data is statistically combined from multiple studies to calculate a summary measure of effect. |
Treatment Prevention Harm |
| Systematic Reviews |
A systematic, objective, transparent approach to summarizing the scientific literature on a single topic. |
Treatment Prevention Harm |
| Randomized Controlled Trial |
A group of subjects are randomly assigned to treatment/intervention and control group and outcomes are measured prospectively. |
Treatment Prevention Harm |
| Cohort |
A group of subjects, usually without disease/outcome at baseline, are observed over time for the development or progression of disease. Exposures or risk factors are hypothesized or known and assessed prior to development of disease. |
Incidence Risk or Preventive Factors Prognosis |
| Case-control |
Patients are grouped based on disease/no disease status and risk factors for disease are retrospectively recalled or collected from medical records. |
Risk or Preventive Factors |
| Cross-sectional |
Risk factor and disease status are collected at a single point in time. |
Prevalence |
| Case Report / Case Series |
Detailed report of a single patient or groups of patients. |
Unique or rare conditions New treatment regimes |